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</topic><topic id="http://tesjmu.stm.jus.br/tesjmu/vocab/?tema=5284"><instanceOf><topicRef xlink:href="#term"/></instanceOf><baseName><baseNameString>PRINCÍPIO DA IRRETROATIVIDADE DA LEI</baseNameString></baseName>  <occurrence>    <instanceOf>      <topicRef xlink:href="#scope-note"/>    </instanceOf><baseName><baseNameString><![CDATA[ <p>A Carta Magna, em seu artigo 5&ordm;, inciso XL, preceitua que &ldquo;a lei penal n&atilde;o retroagir&aacute;, salvo para beneficiar o r&eacute;u&rdquo;.</p>
<p>A CF instituiu o princ&iacute;pio da irretroatividade das leis, mas tamb&eacute;m salvaguardou as hip&oacute;teses em que sejam os r&eacute;us beneficiados por uma lei que, a princ&iacute;pio, n&atilde;o poderia retroagir.</p>
<p>O art. 1&ordm; do C&oacute;digo Penal Brasileiro declara o princ&iacute;pio da anterioridade da lei penal, ao estabelecer que n&atilde;o h&aacute; crime ou pena sem lei anterior, mas o par&aacute;grafo &uacute;nico do art. 2&ordm; do CP, no esteio constitucional, tamb&eacute;m previu a hip&oacute;tese da retroatividade da lei penal benigna (lex mitior), ou seja, aquela que de, uma forma ou outra venha a beneficiar o acusado ou o r&eacute;u.</p> ]]></baseNameString></baseName>  </occurrence></topic>  <association>    <instanceOf>      <topicRef xlink:href="#related-terms"/>    </instanceOf>    <member>      <roleSpec>  <topicRef xlink:href="#related-term"/>      </roleSpec>      <topicRef xlink:href="#http://tesjmu.stm.jus.br/tesjmu/vocab/?tema=2280"/>    </member>    <member>      <roleSpec>  <topicRef xlink:href="#related-term"/>      </roleSpec>      <topicRef xlink:href="#http://tesjmu.stm.jus.br/tesjmu/vocab/?tema=5284"/>    </member>  </association>  <association>    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